In today’s fast-moving e-commerce era, it would be extremely difficult to find a company that doesn’t use one of the major parcel carriers like UPS and FedEx. And as anyone who has ever shipped a package with these two behemoths can tell you, it’s not getting any cheaper. But while base shipping rates grab attention, it’s the surcharges — fuel, residential, oversize, demand, dimensional weight, and many more — that quietly eat into margins. That’s why smart shippers are no longer only negotiating a rate cap on base transportation rates; their new strategy also tackles a cap on accessorial surcharges as well. Here’s how to approach it.

Understand the Surcharge Landscape

The original concept of a surcharge was simple – it was a way to keep carriers whole when extra costs began to chip away at a specific load or package. Yet over time, surcharges have morphed from a way to stay profitable into a profit center. The COVID pandemic only accelerated this shift, with both carriers adding new and revised surcharges every year till it now just feels like a money-grab – a way to pad the ever-growing bottom line.

Everyone expects the General Rate Increase each year and it isn’t going away anytime soon. Likewise, the fuel surcharge has been one of, if not the most, volatile surcharges for the past 15+ years. Other heavy hitters typically include Additional Handling, Large Package, Residential Delivery, and the suite of Delivery Area Surcharges. But maybe not so obvious are the smaller fees such as Address Correction and UPS’s new Payment Processing Fee of two percent. Some of these charges have increased over 40% in the past few years.

But before sitting down at the negotiating table, you must understand what you’re up against. It’s not enough just to understand that some of your packages will incur these costs; you must know the total cost of each of these accessorial charges and, specifically, which ones are having the most impact. Accessorial fees can add as much as 30% to a package, so knowing your entire shipping profile is key. And while many shippers realize that accessorial discounts are negotiable, they may not realize that an annual cap on increases can also be negotiated.

Build Your Data‐Driven Leverage

In any negotiation, there has to be some type of bargaining chip. Some type of leverage that can be exercised – the proverbial carrot and stick. Often, carriers will only consider capping surcharges if you offer them something in return: volume, consistency, growth, or strategic value. You need to come prepared with:

• A 12- to 24-month historical shipping report, broken down by service level, weight, zone, residential vs commercial, dimensional weight incidence, oversize shipments, and any surcharges applied.
• Benchmarking data or industry comparators: what are other shippers paying for similar services?
• A forecast of your upcoming volume growth (or contraction) and strategy: are you moving more direct-to-consumer? Expanding zones? Introducing new SKUs?
• Alternate carrier options: You don’t need to threaten, but you should know what regional or secondary carriers would cost you if you shifted some volume away. This increases your bargaining power.

In short: you must show the carrier that capturing your business is worth forgoing some surcharge revenue in exchange for a long-term, stable win.

Negotiate the Contract Structure

Here are key contract elements to address when building your surcharge cap into your negotiations:

• Base rate + surcharge rate separation: Make sure your negotiated contract clearly distinguishes between base freight rates and accessorial/surcharge rates. Often, shippers focus only on base; carriers then hike surcharges.
• Surcharge definitions and calculation methodology: Ensure the definitions of each surcharge - specifically demand surcharges - are clearly spelled out. For example, if a surcharge is tied to a “peaking factor” or weekly volume deviation (as is the case with FedEx’s Demand Surcharge).
• Cap trigger events: Define what triggers the cap (e.g., a holiday peak, national volume spike) and what is excluded (carrier‐wide extraordinary events, acts of God, major global supply chain shocks).
• Audit and reporting rights: Make sure you have access to shipment level reporting and the ability to audit surcharges separately. If you find surcharges that shouldn’t apply or are higher than agreed upon billing, you want recourse.
• Contract duration and re-negotiation timing: If you secure a strong cap, you might want a multi‐year term. But also build in annual review points, since shipping dynamics change. It’s not uncommon for shippers to adjust pricing and terms multiple times over a three‐year contract.

Prep Your Negotiation Strategy

With your data and contract targets in hand, consider the following tactics:

• Lead with value: “We appreciate our relationship and here’s our volume, growth trajectory, and willingness to commit to X-year term if you will cap surcharges at Y.”
• Prioritize key surcharges: Not all surcharges are equal for you. If you ship many residential parcels, focus on residential delivery or demand surcharges. If you ship oversized equipment, focus on large/oversize handling.
• Benchmark and walk away option: If you have data showing competitors or alternate carriers have lower surcharge caps or simpler accessorial structures, mention it (without issuing a blunt threat).
• Packaging and process improvements as bargaining chips: Offer to optimize your packaging, reduce DIM-weight incidence or reduce oversize shipments in exchange for better cap terms. This shows you’re trying to reduce cost drivers.
• Quantify the value of the cap: Understand how much a cap is worth to you (e.g., “Without a cap, last year we paid $X in surcharges. With a cap at Y, we’ll save $Z.”) Express that in your negotiation.
• Negotiate for transparency and escalation clauses: Build in that if the carrier changes its surcharge structure (new surcharge created, or major shift in calculation), you’ll have the right to re-open the cap negotiation.

Monitor Performance and Enforce the Cap

After the contract is signed:

• Review invoices monthly for surcharge compliance. Look for unexpected spikes or new surcharge categories.
• Use third-party audit to capture invoice anomalies (e.g., residential packages billed as commercial, DIM weight miscalculated, zone misclassifications).
• Trigger renegotiation when needed: If shipping volume changes significantly, or you’re consistently hitting the cap and still losing margin, initiate the review clause in your contract.
• Track carrier behavior: Carriers may shift costs into newly introduced surcharges or create new accessorial surcharges. Stay vigilant.

Securing a surcharge cap with UPS or FedEx isn’t easy, but it’s absolutely worthwhile. Often, shippers accept surcharges as out of their control, yet while surcharges are among the biggest cost drivers in any parcel contract, they can be successfully negotiated and capped. With thorough data, proper leverage, clear contract language, and ongoing monitoring, you can build predictability into your shipping costs and protect your margins.

Year after year, many shippers are leaving money on the table. If you’re ready to take control of those surcharge line items, the negotiation table awaits.

Andy Johnson is Project Manager, Parcel Consulting, at Infios.

This article originally appeared in the November/December, 2025 issue of PARCEL.